What is judo?
Judo (joo-doh) means “the way of gentleness” or “the gentle way.”
It’s a modern martial art founded in Japan in 1882 by Jigoro Kano, who combined traditional jujutsu techniques with a focus on discipline, mutual respect, and personal growth.
Judo teaches how to use an opponent’s energy and balance to throw, pin, or control them—without relying on brute strength.
Kano Sensei’s way of teaching Judo focused on four main methods used in his dojo:
Randori (rahn-doh-ree) – Free practice, where students try techniques with a partner in real time
Kata (kah-tah) – Pre-arranged forms that teach the technical and traditional side of Judo
Ko (koh) – Lessons or talks where the teacher explains important ideas and concepts
Mondo (mohn-doh) – A time for students to ask questions and talk with the teacher to better understand what they’re learning
🗣️ Beginner Judo Terminology & Pronunciation
Note: Japanese words in Judo are said often during class. You don’t need to memorize everything right away—just start getting familiar with the sounds and meanings!
Japanese Term Pronunciation
Judo joo-doh
Meaning: "The gentle way"; a martial art focused on throws, pins, and leverage
Judoka joo-doh-kah
Meaning: A person who practices Judo
Sensei sen-say
Meaning: Teacher or instructor
Rei ray
Meaning: Bow – a sign of respect used throughout class
Hajime hah-jee-meh
Meaning: "Begin!" – used to start a match or drill
Matte maht-teh
Meaning: "Stop!" – freeze immediately and wait for instructions
Dojo doh-joh
Meaning: The place where martial arts are practiced
Tori toh-ree
Meaning: The person performing the technique
Uke oo-keh
Meaning: The person receiving the technique or being thrown